Cunobelin 011656

Cunobelin 011656
Rare King Cunobelin 'Wild Type' Gold Quarter Stater
Gold, 1.33 grams; 11.81 mm. Circa 10-20 A.D. Obverse: Corn ear with central stalk dividing CA/MV, mint signature of Colchester. Reverse: Celticized horse right with branch above and CVNO below. Celtic Coin Index Registration Number at Oxford University: CCI 08.TBA. VA 1935; BMC 1843-1844. Extremely fine and rare. Only two coins of this type recorded in the catalogue, British Iron Age Coins In The British Museum.

From numismatic evidence Cunobelinus appears to have taken power around AD 9, minting coins from both Camulodunum (Colchester, capital of the Trinovantes) and Verlamion (later the Roman town of Verulamium, now modern St Albans), capital of the Catuvellauni. Some of the Verulamium coins name him as the son of Tasciovanus, a previous king of the Catuvellauni; unlike his father's, his coins name no co-rulers. However his earliest issues are from Camulodunum, indicating that he took power there first, and some have a palm or laurel wreath design, a motif borrowed from the Romans indicating a military victory. He may have been emboldened to act against the Trinovantes, a Roman ally whose independence was protected by a treaty made by Julius Caesar in 54 BC, by the Roman defeat in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest in Germania in 9 AD, which severely discouraged Augustus's territorial ambitions. He appears to have maintained good relations with the Roman Empire, however: he used the title REX (Latin "king") and classical motifs on his coins, and his reign saw an increase in trade with the continent. Archaeology shows an increase in luxury goods imported from the continent, including Italian wine and drinking vessels, olive oil and fish sauces from Hispania, glassware, jewellery and Gallo-Belgic tableware, which from their distribution appear to have entered Britain via the port of Camulodunum.[4] He was probably one of the British kings that Strabo says sent embassies to Augustus. Strabo reports Rome's lucrative trade with Britain: the island's exports included grain, gold, silver, iron, hides, slaves and hunting dogs.

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